Understanding global population trends is key to evidence-based decision making on a range of policies that affect women and girls. We live in a demographically diverse world, with populations in some countries young on average and growing rapidly, while those of other countries are older and growing more slowly. The populations of many countries have peaked and are now slowly decreasing in size. The Population Institute co-sponsored a Foreign Policy Analytics Insight Brief, Demographic Realities and Global Population Trends, that explores the implications of current global population trends.